Singleton Design Pattern in Automation Testing

Introduction

The Singleton Design Pattern can be used in the automation tests to build up easier access to page objects and facades. Its usage can speed up the tests writing process dramatically. In this article, I am going to show you the best and most straightforward approaches to integrating the Singleton Design Pattern in your test automation framework

Definition

Ensure a class has only one instance and provide a global point of access to it.
  • Instance control – prevents other objects from instantiating their copies of the Singleton object, ensuring that all objects access the single instance.
  • Flexibility – since the class controls the instantiation process, the class has the flexibility to change the instantiation process.
  • Lazy initialization – defers the object’s creation until it is first used.

UML Class Diagram

Participants

The classes and objects participating in this pattern are:
  • Page Objects (BingMainPage)- Holds the actions that can be performed on the page like Search and Navigate. Exposes an easy access to the Page Validator through the Validate() method. The best implementations of the pattern hide the usage of the Element Map, wrapping it through all action methods.
  • BasePage<S, M> – Gives access to the child’s page element map class and defines a standard navigation operation.
  • BasePage<S, M, V> – Adds an instance to the child page’s validator class through the Validatemethod.
  • BaseSingleton – This is an abstract class that contains a static property of its child instance

Singleton for obtaining WebDriver instance.::
Singleton class for obtaining single instance of webdriver instance

   public class WebDriverSingleTon{
    public static  webdriver driver;
    public  static Webdriver getInstance(){

     if (driver==Null){
       driver = New FirefoxDriver();
}
return driver;
}
}


Abstract factory for creating WebDriver instance.::
public class WebDriverFactory (
public static WebDriver createWebDriverForFirefox(){
       return new FirefoxWebDriver();
}

 public static WebDriver createWebDriverForChrome(){

        return New ChromeWebDriver();
}

 public static WebDriver  create WebDRiverForOpera{
        return New OperaWebDriver();
}
}






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